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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Question 1: How can I order this book?Answer: Simply call toll free (866) HVAC-DDC or (866) 482-2332, or through our website at www.hvacddc.com Question 2: Does UCSD Extension offer an HVAC DDC online course?Answer: Yes. University of California, San Diego (UCSD) offers an HVAC DDC Basics class online featuring the first three chapters of this book. For information visit the UCSD class schedule. Question 3: What are the career opportunities in HVAC?Answer: There are great career opportunities in HVAC and controls. These books are similar to our outstanding tools for your educational enhancement. Question 4: How can I get in touch with the author of this book?Answer: You can contact Frank Shadpour directly at Shadpour@ashrae.mail.org or use one of the methods on our contact page. Frank Shadpour is an ASHRAE distinguished speaker and speaks in various events in North America. 
Question 5: What is the HVAC Control and Design Certificate at UCSD?Answer: The HVAC Control and Design class at UCSD consist of the following five classes. The classes may be taken any particular order:
For information contact Mary Ann Vinole at (858) 613-1672 or Margaret Gibert at (858) 605-0110 at UCSD Extension. Question 6: What are the Six Steps of HVAC DDC System Design?Answer: There are six fundamental steps to consider in order to properly design or fully understand the HVAC DDC system of a facility: See Chapter 1, The Six Steps of HVAC DDC Design Question 7: Can DDC systems be used to commission HVAC Systems?Answer: Yes. Here is a good article from the Author of this book: Question 8: What is the difference between Open, Closed, Proprietary and Non-Proprietary Systems?Answer: See Chapter 4 for details.
Question 9: What is BACnet?Answer: BACnet is an industry standard communication protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks system designed by American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). BACnet infrastructure is modeled after Open Systems Interconnections OSI 7-layers described in Chapter 4. The difference is that BACnet infrastructure uses only layers 1, 2, 3, and 7 of OSI layers. Table 5-2 graphically illustrates this infrastructure. See Chapter 5 for details. Question 10: What is Native BACnet?Answer: Native BACnet is a terminology adopted by the BACnet manufacturers. It refers to those DDC systems that every component of which is BACnet compatible at the device level. Theoretically, two native BACnet devices by two different manufacturers would communicate on the same bus with minimal interface preparation. See Chapter 5 for details. Question 11: What is LonWorks?Answer: LonWorks is a family of hardware and software products developed by the Echelon Corporation. Figures 6-1 and 6-2 in this book compare the traditional method and the Lon approach for networking of various smart systems within a facility. The LonTalk networking protocol is based upon the OSI seven- layer model as described in Chapter 4. See Chapter 6, Open Systems and LonWorks Platform. Question 12: What is a Neuron Chip?Answer: See Chapter 6, Open Systems and LonWorks Platform.
Question 13: What are Snivits?Answer: SNVT stands for Standard Network Variable Type and is pronounced "snivet." See Chapter 6, Open Systems and LonWorks Platform. Question 14: What is LonMark?Answer: LonMark is a brand name and an association. The LonMark Association was formed in 1994. Its purpose is to promote and support those manufacturers that produce interoperable LonWorks products. The LonWorks devices that have been certified by the LonMark Association carry the LonMark logo. See Chapter 6, Open Systems and LonWorks Platform. Question 15: What is a PLC?Answer: See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers. Question 16: What are the most commonly used HVAC Control SystemsAnswer: The five most commonly utilized HVAC control systems are:
See Chapter 3, Basics of HVAC Control.
Question 17: What is the difference between Gateways and Bridges?Answer: A gateway is intelligent translator hardware that allows two incompatible DDC networks to connect and communicate. A bridge is intelligent hardware that connects two compatible or identical networks. See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers. Question 18: What is the difference between Routers, and Repeaters?Answer: Routers are intelligent hardware that filters the passing of messages between two network segments. They only allow messages that need to get from one bus to the other through the router. A repeater is hardware that connects two identical networks. See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers. Question 19: What is a Smart Sensor?Answer: See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers. Question 20: What is a Smart Actuator?Answer: See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers.
Question 21: What is an ASC?Answer: Application specific controllers refer to a family of DDC controllers, each designed to perform one specific function for one specific scenario. Manufacturers generally mass-produce application specific controllers for the most common applications. This reduces the production cost as well as installation cost since most application specific controllers are pre-programmed and require only minimal adjustments in the field. See Chapter 2, DDC Controllers for a list of some of most commonly used application specific controllers. Also see figures 2-3 and 2-4. Question 22: What is Ethernet?Answer: Ethernet is both the data link and physical layer. It operates at a high speed of 10 to 100 Mbps. It operates based on carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD), and therefore is highly efficient until the system becomes heavily loaded. Therefore, Ethernet is an indeterminist system. Refer to Chapter 4 for details. Question 23: What is ARCNET?Answer: ARCNET is both data link and physical layer. It operates at a speed of 2.5 Mbps. It operates based upon a peer-to-peer token passing bus; thus it is deterministic. ARCNET implementation is typically less expensive than Ethernet. Refer to Chapter 4 for details. Question 24: What is Pneumatic Control?Answer: See Chapter 7, Pneumatic Control and DDC.
Question 25: What types of control valves are used in HVAC control?Answer: There are three types of control valves used most often in HVAC systems. See Chapter 9, Control Valves for details and selection of modulating control valves. Review the 4 major considerations in this chapter. Learn how to size control valves. Question 26: What are the five types of electronic temperature sensors most often used in HVAC DDC systems? What are their applications, advantages and disadvantages?Answer: Refer to table 11-1 for applications, advantages and disadvantages. Also see Chapter 11 for details. Question 27: What types of humidity sensors are most often used in HVAC DDC Systems? What are their applications, advantages and disadvantages?Answer: There are a large number of humidity sensors on the market, many of them made by very reputable companies. The two types that are most commonly used and discussed in the book are relative humidity sensors and dew point sensors. There are two types of polymer relative humidity sensors. See Chapter 11, Electronic Sensors. Refer to table 11-2 for comparison and details. Question 28: Are the selection of the flow meters discussed in this book?Answer: Yes. The following is a list of flow meters discussed in this book:
See Chapter 11 Electronic Sensors. Refer to table 11-3 for comparison and details.
Question 29: What are Vortex Flow Meters?Answer: See Chapter 11, Electronic Sensors. Question 30: What are Ultrasonic Flow Meters?Answer: See Chapter 11, Electronic Sensors for details. Question 31: What are sequences of operation discussed in this book?Answer: See Section E of the book entitled practical Scenarios. This includes the following chapters:
Question 32: What would be an appropriate sequence of operation for the chilled water system serving a 10-story office building? There are two chillers and two chilled water supply pumps. Each pump and each chiller is designed to handle approximately 50% of the building load.Answer: See example 2 of Chapter 12, Practical Examples of Chilled Water System Control.
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